中国公众公共卫生安全素养量表的开发研究

目的开发公共卫生安全素养量表, 为我国公众的公共卫生安全素养测评提供适宜工具。方法通过理论构想、指标池构建、现场验证、题项缩减等步骤编制中国公共卫生安全素养初始量表, 转为"问卷星"电子问卷, 随机抽取4个省份共2 809名居民进行现场测试。利用经典测试理论(CTT)和项目反应理论(IRT)进行题项缩减。使用SPSS 23.0软件进行探索性因子分析(EFA)和单维性检验。使用R 4.1.1软件ltm和mirt包进行题项的心理测量学指标分析, 并绘制项目特征曲线(ICC)和信息函数曲线(IIC和TIF)。结果选用专家一致性系数最优的初始量表3, 共30个题项(B1～B30), 测试对象完成1个题项平均需9.8 s。根据CTT分析, 删除校正题项-总相关系数(CITC)<0.3及题项-维度相关系数(IDCC)<0.4的B2题项;删除CITC<0.3、IDCC<0.4及难度指数<0.2的B23题项;删除CITC<0.3及难度指数<0.2的B30题项。删除后量表总内部一致性信度(Cronbach’’sα)值为0.923。EFA提示删除14个因子载荷较小...     

高校新生公共卫生安全素养快速测评量表编制研究

目的 编制高校新生公共卫生安全素养快速测评量表。方法 采用文献研究和专家访谈法构建指标池,采用专家意见集中法遴选题项,编制初始量表,随机抽取一所高校的250名本科、硕士、博士新生进行实测。采用经典项目测验理论和项目反应理论进行题项缩减,并对另外抽取的318名新生的测试数据进行验证性因子分析。结果 量表包含3个维度9个题项,遴选内容效度均≥ 0.8,题项难度系数为1.18~2.43,难度指数为0.41~0.78,鉴别力指数为0.38~0.64,27%高/低分组在各题项的得分差异均t>3,均P<0.05。各题项的Cronbach''s α值为0.72~0.77,矫正题项-总相关系数为0.33~0.60,整体α值为0.77。因子分析各条目的荷载>0.680,因子累积方差贡献率为62.484%。验证性因子分析结果显示模型整体适配度指标除χ²值外均达适配标准。不同人口学特征学生量表总得分和在各题项上的得分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 高校新生公共卫生安全素养快速测评量表信度、效度、稳定性和题项恒定性均较好,可用于高校新生公共卫生安全素养的测评。     

In vivo antiplasmodial potential of three herbal methanolic extracts in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65

Objective: The present study deals with the investigation of antiplasmodial potential of leaf methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos, Aristolochia indica and Cassia auriculata against Plasmodium berghei(NK65)infected mice.Methods: The chloroquine-sensitive parasites P. berghei(1 × 106) were inoculated into Swiss albino mice intraperitoneally. The methanol extracts of three herbal plants were orally administered in P. berghei infected mice which were further assessed using the four-day suppressive test at different doses of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg per day. Chloroquine(CQ) was used as the standard drug with of 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg concentrations and was orally administered.Results: The leaves of A. marmelos, A. indica, and C. auriculata were found to suppress P. berghei parasitaemia in Swiss albino mice by(67.0 ± 4.02)%,(72.0 ± 8.44)% and(52.7 ± 2.06)% at 600 mg/kg/d with ED50 values of 284.73, 233.77 and 562.48 mg/kg, respectively. These herbal plants increased the mean survival time of infected mice and prevented body weight loss. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of hentriacontan-16-one(C31 H62 O) in A. indica extract. The histopathology study showed non-toxic to kidney and liver at 600 mg/kg/body weight.Conclusions: Overall results revealed that herbal plants may be active in the development of novel and cheap antimalarial compounds.     

Identification of flower herbs in Chinese pharmacopoeia based on DNA barcoding

Objective Flower herbs are an important category of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, some of which are used as healthcare tea in folk. However, the increasing adulteration of medicinal herbs is threatening consumer safety. The adulteration of flower herbs and their healthcare tea products in the market were investigated. Methods A total of 33 flower herb samples from several retail pharmacies in China were randomly collected and 27 flower healthcare tea samples were purchased online. They were identified using ITS2-based Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (TCMD). Additionally, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and the adulterants were compared in the ITS2 secondary structures. Results There were one adulterant (Inulae Flos) in flower herb materials and eight adulterants in healthcare tea samples. Inula linariifolia was an adulterate species of Inulae Flos, Robinia pseudoacacia was of Sophorae Flos, and Lonicera macranthoides was of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Sophorae Flos and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were two healthcare tea products with high adulteration rates. Conclusion The TCMD is powerful tool to identify flower herbs and the adulterants that frequently occurred in the flower herb market, especially online shops.     

Marsdenia tenacissima提取物在体内外水平通过上调14-3-3σ和下调c-myc影响细胞G2/M期周期阻滞

目的：MTE是有抗肿瘤活性的传统中草药提取物。先前的研究揭示了部分MTE抗肿瘤的机制。本研究首次发现MTE能够通过介导14-3-3σ和c-myc从而造成两种人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231和MCF7的G2/M期细胞周期阻滞。 方法：MTE对G2/M期细胞周期阻滞的影响在人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231和MCF7。MTT实验用于评价MTE对细胞活力的影响,流式细胞术用于评价MTE对细胞周期的影响。免疫蛋白印迹法和免疫组化用于探究细胞周期关键蛋白在细胞系和肿瘤组织中的表达情况。进行动物实验以探究MTE的抗肿瘤效应。 结果：细胞周期是肿瘤发展的基本过程。细胞周期蛋白在细胞周期和增殖中扮演关键角色。 有一些蛋白质直接或间接调节细胞周期关键蛋白。为了探究肿瘤细胞增殖,我们观察到MTE上调了14-3-3σ,下调了c-myc,并且抑制了G2/M期相关关键蛋白的表达,导致细胞阻滞在有丝分裂期。在MDA-MB-231的小鼠皮下移植瘤模型上,MTE表现出显著的抗肿瘤活性。 结论：MTE通过上调14-3-3σ和下调c-myc造成人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MCF7的G2/M期阻滞。